民以食为天。中国作为世界三大美食国度之一，中国的饮食文化源远流长，中国美食更是具有诱人的魅力。因此，在传播中国饮食文化方面，中国菜单翻译起着非常重要的作用，但想要把中国菜单翻译做好，其实并不容易。

以下内容是关于菜单翻译的七大原则，以及由人民日报整理的100道中国美食的英语翻译，推荐收藏！

菜肴名词翻译原则

一. 以主料为主，配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则

1.菜肴的主料和配料

主料(名称/形状)+with+配料

如：松仁香菇 Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts

2.菜肴的主料和配汁

主料 with /in+汤汁(Sauce)

如：冰梅凉瓜 Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce

二. 以烹制方法为主，原料为辅的翻译原则

1.菜肴的做法和主料

做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)

如：拌双耳 Tossed Black and White Fungus

2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料

做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料

如：豌豆辣牛肉 Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas

3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁

做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+with /in+汤汁

如：川北凉粉 Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce

三. 以形状、口感为主，原料为辅的翻译原则

1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料

形状/口感 + 主料

如：玉兔馒头 Rabbit-Shaped Mantou

脆皮鸡 Crispy Chicken

2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料

做法(动词过去分词)+ 形状/口感 + 主料 + 配料

如：小炒黑山羊 Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley

四. 以人名、地名为主，原料为辅的翻译原则

1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料

人名(地名)+ 主料

如：麻婆豆腐 Mapo Tofu (Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)

广东点心 Cantonese Dim Sum

2.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法

做法(动词过去式)+ 主辅料 + 人名/地名 + Style

如：四川辣子鸡 Spicy Chicken, Sichuan Style

北京炸酱面 Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style

五. 体现中国餐饮文化，使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则

1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则，使用汉语拼音。

如：饺子 Jiaozi

包子 Baozi

馒头 Mantou

花卷 Huajuan

烧麦 Shaomai

2.具有中国特色且已被国外主要英文字典收录的，使用汉语方言拼写或音译拼写的菜名，仍保留其原拼写方式。

如：豆腐 Tofu

宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken

馄饨 Wonton

3. 中文菜肴名称无法体现其做法及主配料的，使用汉语拼音，并在后标注英文注释。

如：佛跳墙 Fotiaoqiang (Steamed Abalone with Shark's Fin and Fish Maw in Broth)

锅贴 Guotie (Pan-Fried Dumplings)

窝头 Wotou (Steamed Corn/Black Rice Bun)

蒸饺 Steamed Jiaozi (Steamed Dumplings)

油条 Youtiao (Deep-Fried Dough Sticks)

汤圆 Tangyuan (Glutinous Rice Balls)

粽子 Zongzi (Glutinous Rice Wrapped in Bamboo Leaves)

元宵 Yuanxiao (Glutinous Rice Balls for Lantern Festival)

驴打滚儿 Lǘdagunr (Glutinous Rice Rolls Stuffed with Red Bean Paste)

豆汁儿 Douzhir (Fermented Bean Drink)

艾窝窝 Aiwowo (Steamed Rice Cakes with Sweet Stuffing)

六. 可数名词单复数使用原则

菜单中的可数名词基本使用复数，但在整道菜中只有一件或太细碎无法数清的用单数。

如：蔬菜面 Noodles with Vegetables

葱爆羊肉 Sautéed Lamb Slices with Scallion

七.介词in和with在汤汁、配料中的用法

1.如主料是浸在汤汁或配料中时，使用in连接。

如：豉汁牛仔骨 Steamed Beef Ribs in Black Bean Sauce

2.如汤汁或蘸料和主料是分开的，或是后浇在主菜上的，则用with连接。

如：泡椒鸭丝 Shredded Duck with Pickled Peppers

100道中国美食的英语翻译

1.螺蛳粉 Snail Rice-flour Noodles

2.桂林米粉 Guilin Rice Noodles

3.酸辣粉 Hot and Sour Rice Noodles

4.鸭血粉丝汤 Duck Blood Soup with Vermicelli

5.凉皮 Cold Rice Noodles

6.红油抄手 Wonton Soup in Hot and Spicy Sauce

7.麻辣烫 Malatang

8.羊肉泡馍 Pita Bread Soaked in Lamb Soup

9.豆腐脑 Tofu Pudding

10.烤冷面 Grilled Cold Noodles

11.沙县小吃 Shaxian Snacks

12.麻辣小龙虾 Spicy Crayfish

13.正宗街边烤串 Proper Street Kebabs

14.羊肉串 Lamb Kebabs with Cumin

15.铁板鱿鱼 Teppanyaki Squid

16.臭豆腐 Stinky Tofu

17.哈尔滨红肠 Harbin Red Sausage

18.生煎包 Pan-Fried Baozi Stuffed with Pork

19.豆沙包 Baozi Stuffed with Red Bean Paste

20.奶黄包 Baozi Stuffed with Creamy Custard

21.叉烧包 Baozi Stuffed with BBQ Pork

22.小笼汤包 Baozi Stuffed with Juicy Pork

23.川北凉粉 Tossed Clear Noodles in Chili Sauce

24.夫妻肺片 Couple's Sliced Beef in Chili Sauce

25.皮蛋豆腐 Tofu with Preserved Eggs

26.桂花糯米藕 Steamed Lotus Root Stuffed with Glutinous Rice

27.酸辣蕨根粉 Hot and Sour Fern Root Noodles

28.大拉皮 Tossed Mung Clear Noodles in Sauce

29.酱牛肉 Beef in Brown Sauce

30.口水鸡 Steamed Chicken with Chili Sauce

31.白切鸡 Sliced Boiled Chicken

32.糖蒜 Pickled Sweet Garlic

33.蜜汁叉烧 Honey-Stewed BBQ Pork

34.梅菜扣肉 Steamed Pork with Preserved Vegetable

35.京酱肉丝 Sautéed Shredded Pork in Sweet Bean Sauce

36.北京烤鸭 Beijing Roast Duck

37.糖醋排骨 Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs

38.鱼香肉丝 Yu-Shiang Shredded Pork

39.四喜丸子 Braised Pork Balls in Gravy Sauce

40.回锅肉 Sautéed Sliced Pork with Pepper and Chili

41.猪肉炖粉条 Braised Pork with Vermicelli

42.馋嘴蛙 Sautéed Bullfrog in Chili Sauce

43.涮羊肉 Hot Pot, Mongolian Style

44.羊蝎子 Lamb Spine Hot Pot

45.德州扒鸡 Braised Chicken, Dezhou Style

46.四川辣子鸡 Sautéed Diced Chicken with Chili Pepper, Sichuan Style

47.叫花鸡 Beggar's Chicken

48.盐焗鸡 Salt Baked Chicken

49.宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken

50.大闸蟹 Hairy Crab

51.醉蟹 Liquor-Soaked Crabs

52.臭鳜鱼 Smelly Mandarin Fish

53.水煮鱼 Sliced Fish in Hot Chili Oil

54.西红柿炒蛋 Scrambled Eggs with Tomato

55.鸡蛋羹 Steamed Egg Custard

56.麻婆豆腐 Mapo Tofu

57.开水白菜 Chinese Cabbage in Soup

58.蚝油生菜 Sautéed Lettuce in Oyster Sauce

59.松仁玉米 Sautéed Sweet Corn with Pine Nuts

60.素什锦 Sautéed Assorted Vegetables

61.地三鲜 Sautéed Potato, Green Pepper and Eggplant

62.蛋炒饭 Stir-Fried Rice with Egg

63.卤肉饭 Rice with Stewed Pork

64.皮蛋瘦肉粥 Congee with Minced Pork and Preserved Egg

65.小米粥 Millet Congee

66.腊八粥 Congee with Nuts and Dried Fruits

67.馄饨面 Wonton and Noodles

68.重庆小面 Chongqing Spicy Noodles

69.刀削面 Sliced Noodles

70.阳春面 Plain Noodle Soup

71.牛肉拉面 Hand-Pulled Noodle Soup with Beef

72.葱油拌面 Noodles in Scallion, Oil and Soy Sauce

73.担担面 Noodles in Chili Sauce, Sichuan Style

74.凉面 Cold Noodles with Sesame Sauce

75.干炒牛河 Stir-Fried Rice Noodles with Beef

76.葱油饼 Baked Scallion Pancake

77.疙瘩汤 Dough Drop and Assorted Vegetable Soup

78.烧仙草 Grass Jelly

79.双皮奶 Milk Custard

80.蛋黄酥 Egg-Yolk Puff

81.刨冰 Water-lce

82.醪糟汤圆 Tangyuan in Fermented Glutinous Rice Soup

83.杏仁豆腐 Almond Jelly

84.杨枝甘露 Chilled Mango Sago Cream with Pomelo

85.冰糖葫芦 Bingtanghulu

86.麻薯 Fried Glutinous Rice Cake Stuffed with Bean Paste

87.糯米糍 Glutinous Rice Balls

88.奶茶 Milk Tea

89.西湖龙井 Xihu Longjing Tea

90.碧螺春 Biluochun Tea

91.茉莉花茶 Jasmine Tea

92.铁观音 Tieguanyin Tea

93.普洱 Pu'er Tea

94.大红袍 Dahongpao Tea

95.菊花茶 Chrysanthemum Tea

96.台湾冻顶乌龙 Taiwan Dongding Oolong Tea

97.红茶 Black Tea

98.绿茶 Green Tea

99.二锅头 Erguotou

100.女儿红 Nu’er Hong

中国菜美食的分类

1. 八大菜系 Eight Famous Cuisines

鲁菜 Lu Cuisine (Shandong Cuisine)

川菜 Chuan Cuisine (Sichuan Cuisine)

粤菜 Yue Cuisine (Guangdong Cuisine)

闽菜 Min Cuisine (Fujian Cuisine)

苏菜 Su Cuisine (Jiangsu Cuisine)

浙菜 Zhe Cuisine (Zhejiang Cuisine)

湘菜 Xiang Cuisine (Hunan Cuisine)

徽菜 Hui Cuisine (Anhui Cuisine)

2. 菜品分类 Types of Courses

凉菜类 Cold Dishes

热菜类 Hot Dishes

汤羹粥煲类 Soups, Congees and Casseroles

主食和小吃 Main Food and Snacks

【主食汤类】

烧饼 Clay oven rolls

油条 Fried bread stick

韭菜盒 Fried leek dumplings

水饺 Boiled dumplings

蒸饺 Steamed dumplings

馒头 Steamed buns

割包 Steamed sandwich

饭团 Rice and vegetable roll

蛋饼 Egg cakes

皮蛋 100-year egg

咸鸭蛋 Salted duck egg

豆浆 Soybean milk

饭类稀饭 Rice porridge

白饭 Plain white rice

油饭 Glutinous oil rice

糯米饭 Glutinous rice

卤肉饭 Braised pork rice

蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg

地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee

客饭 curry rice

咖喱饭fried rice

炒饭 plain rice

白饭 crispy rice

面类馄饨面 Wonton & noodles

刀削面 Sliced noodles

麻辣面 Spicy hot noodles

麻酱面 Sesame paste noodles

鴨肉面 Duck with noodles

鱔魚面 Eel noodles

乌龙面 Seafood noodles

榨菜肉丝面 Pork , pickled mustard green noodles

牡蛎细面 Oyster thin noodles

板条 Flat noodles

米粉 Rice noodles

炒米粉 Fried rice noodles

冬粉 Green bean noodle

汤类鱼丸汤 Fish ball soup

貢丸汤 Meat ball soup

蛋花汤 Egg & vegetable soup

蛤蜊汤 Clams soup

牡蛎汤 Oyster soup

紫菜汤 Seaweed soup

酸辣汤 Sweet & sour soup

馄饨汤 Wonton soup

猪肠汤 Pork intestine soup

肉羹汤 Pork thick soup

鱿鱼汤 Squid soup

花枝羹 Squid thick soup

3.酒精类饮品 Alcoholic Beverages

国酒 Chinese Wines

洋酒 Imported Wines

白兰地与威士忌 Brandy and Whisky

金酒与朗姆酒 Gin and Rum

伏特加与龙舌兰 Vodka and Tequila

利口酒和开胃酒 Liqueurs and Aperitifs

红酒 Red Wine

不含酒精类饮品 Non-Alcoholic Beverages中国饮品文化 Chinese Drinking Culture中国茶文化 Chinese Tea Culture

中国酒文化 Chinese WineCulture

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